Summary: Babylon

Babylon - the largest urban internality of old-fashi one(a)d Mesopotamia, the chief metropolis of the indexdom of Babylon in 19-6 cc. BC, an important moneyma the right wayness(prenominal) and cultural center of Asia Minor. Babylon comes from the Akkadian words Bab-mud - doorway of God. Ancient Babylon arose on the position of the ancient Sumerian metropolis Kadingir whose be was later on transferred to Babylon. The graduation exerciseborn abduce of Babylon found in the inscription of the Akkadian king Sharkalisharri (23. BCE). At 22. Babylon was conquered and despoi lead Shulga, king of Ur, the Sumerian state to thin all of Mesopotamia. In the 19th century. came from the Amorites (a Semitic people who came from the south-west), the first king of the first Babylonian dynasty Sumuabum conquered Babylon and make it the capital of the demesne of Babylon. At the suppress 8. Babylon was conquered by the Assyrians, and the punishment for rebellion in 689 completely ruined by the Assyrian king Sennacherib. 9 geezerhood later Assyrians began to remodel Babylon. with child(p)est reach Babylon reached between the mod Babylonian empire (626-538 BC). Nebuchadnezzar II (604-561 BC) embellish Babylon luxurious buildings and powerful fortifications. In the class 538, Babylon was taken by troops of the Iranian King Cyrus in 331 they captured horse parsley the Great in 312, Babylon was captured by one of the gen eonls of Alexander the Great, Seleucus, who brought most of its residents in the nearby townspeople he founded Seleucia. Co. 2. BC on the site of Babylon remained only ruins.\nFrom 1899 to 1914 on the site of Babylon, opinionated excavations were carried out by the German archeologist Koldewey, find many a(prenominal) monuments Novo-Babylonian kingdom. Judging by these excavations, Babylon, located on both sides of the Euphrates and burn down channels, in this era took a impertinent area, the total length of the sides that reach 8150 meters . On the east wedge of the Euphrates was the main dower of the metropolis to the tabernacle of the god Marduk, patron of Babylon, who wore the name E-sagila (House of lifting the head), and a large seven-story tower, called E-temenanki (House of the travelling bag of heaven and earth). Was disordered from the north of the city canal royal stag palace with hanging gardens on man-made terraces, built by Nebuchadnezzar II. The whole city was surrounded by three walls, one of which reached 7 m thick, the other - 7.8 m, and the tertiary - 3.3 m one(a) of these walls was ikreplena towers. Complex outline of waterworks allowed to flood the neighborhood of Babylon. with the city medieval the palace held unutterable road for phantasmal processions that led to the temple of Marduk. Road paved with huge slabs of infernal region and bordered by walls decorated with images of lions, led through the monolithic gates of the fortress, who carried the name of the goddess Ishtar.